In vivo detection of Serine in Human Brain by Constant-TE Difference Editing at 3T
نویسندگان
چکیده
INTRODUCTION Serine (Ser) is an endogenous amino acid in brain which functions as a co-agonist with glutamate at the NMDA receptor. In disorders of cognition, especially psychosis, alterations in glutamate transmission have been found, possibly including serine signaling [1]. Noninvasive measure of Ser in brain could be pivotal in defining regional tissue pathology. Ser has three coupled resonances at 3.98, 3.96, and 3.83 ppm [2]. Ser is difficult to measure due to its relatively low concentration (~0.5 mM) and the spectral overlap with the creatine (Cr) 3.92 ppm resonance. Following the first attempt to detect Ser (4T) [3], measurement of Ser by constant-TE triple-refocusing difference editing at 7T was reported recently [4]. Here, we have exploited this editing method for measurement of Ser at 3T. A preliminary in vivo result from a healthy volunteer is presented.
منابع مشابه
Constant-TE difference editing of serine at 3T: Simulation and phantom Study
INTRODUCTION Activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor requires both glutamate binding and binding of an endogenous co-agonist at its glycine site. Accumulating evidence suggests that serine (Ser) is a potent agonist for the NMDA-glycine site [1]. Noninvasive measurements of Ser levels in human brain could therefore be important, particularly for the study of schizophrenia and its ...
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